Classic airline and marketing solution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

definitive airline and market solution - Essay ExampleMoreover the management is not able to come to a consensus to resolve the problems. In order to overcome the hazards, this company needs to figure out strategies and plans. Identifying ch altogetherengesThe first pervert in order to resolve issues is to identify the challenges. One of the main problems faced by this airline is decrease in airline stocks. There is lack of unity among the employees and this has lead to low morale. One of the main problems is that the promontory Financial Officer and Chief Executive Officer of this airline focuses less on marketing and at the same time wants more consumers to use this airlines. Around 20% of the members baffle stopped using the Classic Reward Frequent Flyer Program. This program is one such programme which recognises the efforts of frequent flyers by allowing them to ransom free tickets on miles. However one of the alarming statistics is that the average number of flights per member has declined to more than 20%. This translates to the fact that Classic Airlines is slowing losing its loyal customers. One of the study challenges which is being faced by all departments is that this company is 15% reduction in costs over the next 18 months. Perspectives of stakeholders and ethical dilemmasThe major problems which Classic Airlines is facing are dissatisfied customers, low moral and unity among workers and competition from rival airlines. In order to get this organization back to track urgent strategic decisions need to be hypothesise with special attention to efficiency, innovation, efficacy and customer service. Classic Airlines expects to provide better quality services at the same airfare and this means that the marketing department needs to extensively and aggressively market the product to pull more customers. Framing the problem Classic airlines must focus on all aspects to ensure that they have better growth and profitability. To achieve this, the organization must be able to forecast market strength and future demand. This can be attained by focusing on long term marketing goals which can help to reduce challenges. Classic airline must employ internal marketing strategies so that the internal customers are satisfied and work together as a team. Internal marketing suggests that in order to be successful an organization must also emphasise on its internal customers or employees. Service organisations must ensure that the employees have the skill, attitude and commitment needed to meet up with increment customer demands and also sustain loyal customers. In internal marketing employee development is done with training, communication, recruitment, management, coaching and leadership. The company must understand the four elements of services namely inconsistency, intangibility, inseparability and inventory. These are also cognise as the four Is of the services. When discussing the marketing fuse of the services the four Ps a re important. In order to pursue major marketing goals in the target market, the marketing mix which consists of product, price, promotion and place must be used. The Classic Airlines should offer its customers, competitive prices, invest more on promoting products, improve the quality of the products, enhance the CRM system, and implement new and innovating marketing plans and strategies. The above

Mathicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Research Paper

Mathicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus - Research Paper ExampleMethicillin loathsome S. aureus is an antibiotic drug resistant form of S. aureus that has emerged as a significant strain of this bacterium. The first outbreak was reported in 1980 in the region of Detroit and since then MRSA has established itself as a clinically dominant community pathogen. In 2004, a study of adult patients who presented with purulent staphylococcal infections in the emergency, MRSA constituted a 78% of S. aureus infections (Crossley et al 272, 275). The community associated MRSA has been defined on the basis of the criteria provided by the Center for Disease support and Prevention. According to the criteria, infections atomic number 18 classified as MRSA if (a) MRSA is isolated at bottom 48 hours from a hospitalized patient, (b) the patient presents with a history of hospital admission, dialysis, surgery or long term supervise facility residence, (c) patient has an indwelling device durin g the prison term of culture isolation, (d) previous history of MRSA infection (Crossley et al 272). It is important to differentiate the microbiological characteristics of the MRSA strains from the S. aureus, the disease spectrum and manifestations so that a correct diagnosis and treatment plan can be devised. trope 1 Prevalence of MRSA shown in relation to the age of the patients performed by the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2001-2004 (Crossley et al 281). The microbiological characteristics of the staphylococcus aureus are significant in understanding the clinical course of the disease. Staphylococci are included in the Gram positive bacteria which are signified by their catalase-positive and facultative anaerobic properties. Staphylococci billhook 0.2-1.5 micro-meters in diameter and produce golden yellow colonies on agar or broth cultures within 12-24 hours at 37 C. The colonies are formed in grape like cluster formation or in the form of pairs, chains o r even single bacterium (Weston 128). MRSA is a type of S. aureus that is resistant to a group of antibiotics called beta-lactams. This group includes Methicillin and others such as oxacillin, amoxicillin and penicillin (Centers for disease control and prevention n.p.). Fig 2 Representation of the MRSA colonies on the cultures agar observed through microscopic examination (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention n.p.). The epidemiology of MRSA is mostly significant in health-care facilities. MRSA is typically introduced through patients who are transferred from other health care settings. Doctors are also considered as important sources of inter-hospital spread of MRSA infections. Spouses of patients can also act as reservoirs of infections at several times. Colonization occurs rapidly once MRSA is introduced into a hospital. Open wound diseases such as pare diseases including chronic dermatitis, ulcers, burns, surgical wounds and decubitus ulcers predispose the patients to the MRSA colonization. Aged and debilitated patients, patients on poor anti-microbial therapy, intensive-care patients, patients of chronic hemodialysis or long-term hospitalized patients are at higher risks for MRSA infection development (Gantz et al 264,265). Apart from patients in health care facilities, visitors of infected patients are also at high risk. Disease is transmitted through casual contact such as hugging, touching or kissing. Close skin to skin contact or contact of open wounds with contaminated items and surfaces also predisposes to MRSA infections. Crowded living conditions and locations

The Argumentative Synthesis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Argumentative Synthesis - Essay ExampleWhen a lay mortal is confronted with a accepted situation, the first step is not to respond to the situation. Common hotshot will require that a person has to take immediate action and perform the required action. However, a lay person must first weigh different options with regards to the situation. For example, vulgar brain demands that a person should sustain some iodine who has been slumped on the doorway (Ross & Nisbett, 628). However, this might not be the case as one has to consider various factors including the conditions that led to the situation. In some incidences, the individuals may also consider different factors skirt the situation before making any decision. The response of the individuals does not mean that they personality can be deiced based on a particular individual. Common sense is therefore not a predictable guide for human behavior as the nature of the situation determines the actions that should be taken.Faced with a certain situation, the individuals have ended up making certain decisions that atomic number 18 correct although it does not reflect the concepts of prevalent sense. The interventions of the bystanders depend on what they perceive to be important to them, at the time as compared to what common sense dictates. In an incidence where a man has been slumped in a door and seminary students going to deliver a sermon in the next ten minutes pass by, it is more likely that the seminary students may not provide any help. If they are required to deliver a sermon within ten minutes, they not likely to intervene. However, if they are to deliver a sermon in the next one hour they are likely to intervene. This is a further indication that the human behavior cannot be dictated by common sense in all the situations. More people would decline to offer any help if a man slumped in the door was drunk at the time although common sense requires individuals to offer help to anyone in distress ( Ross & Nisbett,

Compare and Contrast the role of trade unions in Sweden and the UK Essay

Compare and Contrast the role of hand unions in Sweden and the UK - Essay ExampleNegotiations on wages, work rules, complaint procedures, rules of hiring and firing, promotion of workers, benefits, workplace safety, working condition, policies and new(prenominal) crucial elements of the work are made possible through the intervention of the slyness unions. The most outstanding function of trade unions is the maintenance and improvement of the conditions of trade and they have various goals and activities. They include the provisions of the benefits to the members, bodied bargaining, industrial actions like strikes and resistance, and political activities. The traces of trade unions date as long back as the archeozoic 18th century. The changes in the system began to take place in the Western nations, e extraly in Britain, where thither was a transformation in the industrial culture as a result of industrial whirling and related activities. With the advent of industrialisation, the vitality of the trade unions also increased.There are many conditions that make the trade unions affect the decision making and policy framing of the Human Resource Management in the modern font context. The primary purpose of the trade unions is to safeguard the interest of the employees and the HR management is very much witting of the relationship with the employees. Thus, the interest of the trade unions and that of the management departments of modern employment buckrams collide. Here, the role of the management firm is mavin of merging the interest of the trade unions with the development of the company and going ahead with policies that contribute to the growth of the firm without affecting the employees interest. This type of employment management varies from country to country where the role of the trade unions also differs. The special context of Sweden, where the socialists want to have the full employment and equality of the employees, is different from that of th e UK. In the UK, the management of the employment was made much easier

Philosophy of Justice in Plato's Republic Essay

Philosophy of Justice in Platos Republic - Essay prototypeThis phenomenon is reflected in the dialogue between Socrates and Thrasymachus, as the dialogue has been incorporated in a book I of Platos Republic. The view of Socrates on justice is in opposition to that of Thrasymachus, as revealed through the arguments developed by each of them. The evaluation of these arguments leads to the assumption that Socrates thoughts on justice are based on fairness and equality, a fact that ensures justice, in all its aspects. On the other hand, the view of Thrasymachus on justice follows a una the like direction, being able to result in social conflicts. It is probably for this reason that, in the end, Thrasymachus recognize the measure out of Socrates view on justice and accept his failure in understanding the actual role of individuals inside the society, including their role in the promotion of justice. In accordance with Thrasymachus, justice is nothing else but the bear on of the almo st powerful (338c Platos Republic I). Thrasymachus defends the above definition by developing a series of arguments, as described below. At the first level, Thrasymachus states that the types of polities globally are many. There are countries based on monarchy, others are based on aristocracy and others are based on democracy (338d). ... Thus, justice, as based on the laws introduced by the most powerful, serves the interests of the latter the above phenomenon, as Thrasymachus notes is common in all countries, no calculate their polity. In regard to the above argument of Thrasymachus, Socrates notes that governors are also likely to introduce laws, which are in opposition with their interests citizens are obliged to respect these laws, as also the laws serving the interests of governors (339e). In other words, citizens pay to deal with two different types of laws those that serve the interests of governors and those serving the interests of citizens. From this point of view, the v iew of Thrasymachus that justice is only the interest of the most powerful is proved to be invalid. In regard to the above, Thrasymachus supports that governors cannot introduce laws that are opposed to their interests. preferably they are pass judgment to always promote their interests, making no mistakes in choosing laws that promote those interests (340d), exactly like those who are experts in a particular science or art. Those experts do not make mistakes since in this case, they would lose their power, has resulted from their role as experts (340d). In this context, as Thrasymachus notes, a true governor is not expected to make mistakes therefore he promotes only his interests (341a). Socrates abjures the above argument referring to the example of a doctor, as utilize previously by Thrasymachus. Socrates notes that a doctor is a therapist therefore, he has to take care of the health problems of ill people (341c).

Gender Difference in Adapting to New Environment Essay

Gender Difference in Adapting to New Environment - Essay ExampleThe roles stems their roots from the environment in which an individual has been in. Learning takes a major part in establishing these roles in to the system of an individual. There are polar routes through which an individual learn of their roles and rewards and punishment is one of them (Carroll 97). According to Carroll (97), children learn about appropriate ports from their parents. Other people who bit part in gender behavior development among the children are relatives, peers, and teachers. Not forgetting the media, which happens to be the main citation of behavior influence, it plays a very significant role when it comes to gender behavior development (Carroll 98). Most behavior patterns, actions, preference professions, and emotion differ with gender type (Carroll 98). Time, energy, resources, and meaning invested in relationships also differ among males and females (Daka and Martin 132). This is because of the stirred up differences revealed between the males and females. The differences between the genders result to them using different strategies to adapt to new environments (Daka and Martin 133). Due to the dynamic character of gender roles, adaptation strategies adopted by different genders are changing. This is an indication that we might find that the means different genders adapt to new environment will be differing significantly in future. Culture and predilection also plays a big role in molding gender behavior. Personal identity is delimitate by culture hence becoming a strong part of a persons behavior. These culture and identity are greatly influenced by the media and by legends, stories, and symbols, they get established deep into souls daily animation (Daka and Martin 136). The event I have decided to watch is Harvard Youth & Family liquified Championship. This event took place on 31 March at Blodgett Pool in Allston, Harvard University. It attracted 300 participan ts and a multitude of fans. The participants were children of different gender aged between 6 year and 13 years. The fans were Harvard students and the people living in areas around the university. The main aim of this event was to introduce city children to introductory level contention swimming. Another aim was to introduce a new perspective to swimming, being in a university and idea about life among the participants. In my observation, I aimed to obtain answers to the following research questions 1. How will the children be reacting on that day? 2. Will their reactions be influenced by gender? 3. What evidence will show that their reactions are influenced by gender? 4. Are there other factors that influence their reactions on this day? 5. Are these factors affected by the gender of the student? 6. How is the idea of personal identity shown? Answers to the above questions were to help me defend my main hypothesis, which was that different genders adapt differently to new environ ments. For me to get all the information required, I got there early to visualise all the events. It was difficult to catch all the reactions of the participant due to the size of the crowd but to process this I interviewed randomly selected participants at the end of the event. During the event I discovered that majority of the participants were males and that the entire company of participants was excited about participating in this event. I also observed that the female

Analyze Financial Statement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

take apart Financial Statement - Essay ExampleWe will be invadeed in a exalted proportion since we will be assured of a high return on our investments.A higher(prenominal) ratio is proposeed since this indicates the solvency of the organization. Since it has the highest current ratio in 2015 whence shows that the social club is having ability to meet its obligation if they cutpurse due. This shows that if loanword are to be advance to the company it will be able to pay its interest as per the loan in the short-run.Higher ratio is preferred as this will indicate liquid of the entity. Hence it will be wise to consider this company as qualified for loans since it has the highest quick ratio in the year 2015 but this will only be a wise decision afterward assessing the Going concern principle of the entity.This shows the ability of the entity to meet its obligation in the long-run. Since the lower ratio is recommended hence this shows that the company will experience the challen ges in paying back the loan hence will recommend the loan maturity should be lowered.Finally apart from the quantitative analysis of the financial statement of the company, it dirty dog also be advisable to consider carrying out the following qualitative analysis before advancing loans and also after advancing loansAssess whether they have established long-term customer relationships, with the company or its suppliers hence this can proof its viability whether to advance loans or not and if yes how much and at what interest.The company should domiciliate collateral and compensating balance requirements. This will help in loan recovery in case of default. The company advancing the loan can exercise credit rationing by giving a loan but limiting the loan amount to be less than the borrower would

Direct, Interactive & Digital Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Direct, Interactive & digital Marketing - Essay ExampleDirect market is highly contributing to the growth of digital marketing and social media in the following ways. First, carry on marketing is leading some firms to move from the monopolistic temper of marketing to the emulous type of market. Most firms are doing so in order to reach many clients across the world. In addition, they agree into the competitive market to be flexible in terms of their mathematical product to meet the customers demand. For instance, Tesco offers its clients with variety of products in its various branches across the world. It enables its clients to buy products online thus making it more competitive market.Moreover, acquire marketing leads to the development of entropy environment within the society. That is it opened transmission between individuals. Moreover, direct marketing made socialization and the society possible. The transformation of information networks is another signifi tint role of direct marketing in the development of digital marketing and social media. Direct marketing is highly transforming information into the market place therefore giving clear understanding between the individuals. For example, Tesco club card is whirl more discounting to the employees depending on how the client will agree with company management. In addition, one will as well as receive a voucher depending on the frequency of using the Tesco Club card. Moreover, the information, will aid to reassign old barriers in the marketing industry and thus reducing inconvenience in the marketing industry.The means sent will not be distorted. That is the message you sent will ever be save because of the backup from the sent items from the sending company. In addition, direct marketing is a faster way that can enable an individual to reach the audience quickly and without many difficulties. In addition, the technique allows the firm to permit personal communication with the clients hence g etting better understanding of the customers

Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 2

Marketing - Essay ExampleExamining the similarities and differences of from each one of the studies creates a deeper understanding of how results evict differ and what is excluded from different studies, despite the similarity of focus with the studies. This research paper ordain examine four different studies related to the sports retail industry. These will be evaluated first to show how each links to the sports industry and what the main conclusions were. When looking at the different studies, there will be the strength to evaluate and determine both similarities and differences between the studies. By looking into this and examining the alterations between various types of studies, there is the magnate to create a deeper understanding about the sports retail stores and how this relates to node service and management. At the same time, the limitations and developments with the studies can help to define what changes need to be made for more effective applications to the stud ies. Qualitative Studies The first soft study was based on observations of perceived value which customers had, specifically which related to attitudes, self image congruence, pleasure and behavioral intentions. The model which was used included showing how each of these levels related directly to how shoppers was influenced when shopping in a sports retail store. ... If the positioning wasnt correct, then it was likely that the behaviors would become negative and the management would see inflictive. Positioning directly affected the purchase and the feeling of customer satisfaction when creating behavioral intentions from customers (Ibrahim, Naijar, 207 2008). A befriend concept which is known to relate directly to the impact of customer relationships and management is with defining the relationship qualities which are built in retail stores and in fitness centers. It has been found that when there are more work and products in sports centers, individuals are more likely to respond in a positive manner. When management follows this with taste toward different products, then it is also known that the relationships become more significant in the stores. Specifically, there is the flavour from the customers that the orientation of services and products is based on building relationships and orientation toward the individuals working in the sport centers, as opposed to only the sale of various products. This increases quality and shows a sense of loyalty, customer satisfaction, commitment and hearty bonds that are a part of customer needs (Athanassopoulou, Mylonakis, 355 2009). Quantitative Studies The first quantitative study which was define was based on the customer satisfaction related to various approaches to management and customer service. This was defined with the customer satisfaction index, which included stated and derived importance variables. The scores were based on the importance that customers had to basic concepts in spite of appearan ce the store as well as performance that was a part of the store. A regression analytic thinking was performed to find which was considered the most valuable to customers.

Human Resource Management And HR Policies Essay - 1

homo Resource Management And HR Policies - try ExampleApart from these activities the sector also includes sports and vacuous time activities and programs such as golf courses, fitness clubs, fishing, arts, and crafts. Similarly, the hospitality sector of the leisure industry involves accommodation facilities along with flooding and other amenities. By summarising these attributes it is rather evident that the industry accumulates the features of the entire entertainment industry along with the characteristics of travel and tourism sectors. No query due to this special attribute, the industry gains advantages from both the booming sectors related to the leisure choices of people. Hence, the industry itself is emerging as an important and quite promising segment in the global market (Human Kinetics, 2005). Being an emerging and adept of the most promising industries, several companies are choosing to enter the leisure industry while few companies harbor already gained an ident ifiable position in the industry. Brendon Jones Ltd. is also a federation engaged in the activities of the leisure industry. The company presently employs almost 300 associates working in its headquarter and 10 other outlets confused in different parts of the Valley of South Wales. The administration of the company is set with one soulfulness manager to deal with the obstacles emerging in each of the ten outlets among whom none were specialized in the Human Resource Management (HRM) sector. This was one of the major problems which laid the company to a disruption in wrong of its HR policies. The paper, therefore, will be focussed on the identification and the evaluation of the problems faced by the company in terms of its employee satisfaction, i.e. its HR policies. Moreover, the paper will aim at recommending a strategic radical in order to eradicate these obstacles and invigorate its performance as a leisure service supplier company.

Public and Government Healthcare in America Research Paper

Public and Government Healthcare in America - Research Paper Example7). There were flaws to the corpse which President Obama and his healthcare program were act to correct through the Patient security system and low-priced Care Act (PPACA) which became a law in March 23, 2010. The bill sought to provide inexpensive, but good quality health care for altogether the citizens of the United States. It is non only the costs of drugs and hospitalization the entire healthcare remains is being questioned. This was show in a 2007 National Health Interview Survey showing that 43 million Americans did not have an insurance coverage (Adams et al. as cited in Benson et al., 2011, p. 28). A report by Families USA (U.S. discussion section of Health and Human Services as cited in Benson et al., 2011) stated that well-nigh citizens below 65 had an lean health insurance during the period of 2007-2008. The road to a perfect healthcare system for the Obama authorities and the American people is still a long way. There are many problems and challenges along the way, one of which is that most Americans with the insurance coverage are fearful of changing the questioned healthcare infrastructure. Why are Americans horror-struck of transfer? Change is a matter of acceptance with courage courage is significant for accepting an improvement. Americans are afraid of changing the healthcare infrastructure for many reasons which will be discussed in this essay. The unique U.S. healthcare system allows the private sector to help the customary sector or the authorities with providing health care. It is this kind of the system that allowed the private sector, particularly the insurance companies, to commit abuses and malpractices with ordinary citizens as the victim. It is also through this system that the Obama administration wants to incorporate varietys and provide an avenue of perfect health for the American people. The healthcare system is a composite topic involving polit ical, cultural, and moral aspects where change could not be easily implemented as it involves many areas. Politicians could not reach a point, while all the classes of society could not agree on the kind of change they wanted. In his first address to Congress, President Obama identified healthcare as a primary cogitate that required an appropriate funding regardless of the existing recession in 2009 (Obama as cited in Benson et al., 2011, p. 28). historical Development and Current State of Health Care Delivery sooner the signing of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA, also known as the ObamaCare), there were several challenges, or problems, the government and the American people had to face. The PPACA was challenged by 26 state governments, but the controversy was resolved by the dictatorial Court ruling in June 2012, which upheld the provision of the law that every American should have a health insurance or pay a fine. This individual mandate was a significant part of the ObamaCare, and, so, the despotic Court ruling was a big boost and support for the law. Had the court ruled otherwise, the entire Affordable Care Act would have fallen (Tate, 2012, p. 4). The U.S. healthcare system allows a combination of private and public insurance agencies to provide healthcare insurance to American citizens. Many insurances of this kind were sponsored by their respective employers. Before the passage of the Affordable

Affect of Specific Language Impairment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Affect of Specific Language Impairment - Essay ExampleA minor whose major problem is with receptive voice communication ( wisdom) faces difficulties in language which inhibit appropriate communication exchanges and their comprehension whitethorn act as a barrier to the development of social interactions and socially-skilled behaviours as compargond to children with communicative language difficulties, Also they are more likely to experience social and behavioural problems and to be the target for bullying. Their measures of cognitive and language performance tend to be consistent over time, but ratings or measures of behavioural difficulties are more variable they show higher level of behavioural, emotional, and social adjustment difficulties.A child with expressive language impairment has difficulty with the production of language that adequately represents the child intended message and may include problems with forge retrieval, word use, sentence formulation, and/or conversati onal skills. The following characteristics may indicate difficulties in producing language. The child speaks in words, phrases, incomplete or inaccurate sentences, relies upon gesture to supplement or substitute for viva language, uses pronouns, plurals, and possessives incorrectly, has difficulty with the agreement of subjects and verbs, , has difficulty telling a story or describing an event or map in a logical sequence, uses run-on sentences, has limited expressive vocabulary, has difficulty finding the appropriate word (s) to express meaning, overuses filler words such as ah or um.

Features of multiculturalism in London Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Features of multiculturalism in capital of the United Kingdom - Essay ExampleAt low tide the transplant would sport shrunk to about 275 m, still considerably wider than the river of today which is about 200 m across. On its mating side the Thames had cut against a pair of low hills, and it was here that the town was reinforced. The air jacketern hill, Ludgate Hill, is now booked by St Pauls Cathedral whilst that to the east (hereinafter referred to as Cornhill) is presently surmounted by Leadenhall market. These hills were separated by the vale of the Walbrook, the upper parts of which remained marshland until reclaimed in the Roman period. To the west of Ludgate Hill was the Fleet River, and on both hills there were springs which fed small streams.Despite intense search no trace has been found of each immediately pre-Roman occupation in the City, although several sites have produced remains of earlier prehistoric activity, especially in the area of Bishops gate. The skeleton o f a young man found at the Tower of London index have been buried in the late Iron Age but this is far from certain (Parnell 1985, 5-7). The dispersal of certain pre-Roman coin types seems to indicate that some form of centre had been established in the lower Thames valley, west of London, in the early first century BC. There is no evidence, however, that this hypothetical site had continued beyond c. 60 BC and it is of little evident relevance to the later history of the area. We can be middling certain that there were no major settlements in or around London at the clock of the conquest.The modern London still reflects the old side of London which shows which makes the seasoned visitors interested in a different perspective on the city, heres a guide to tile high life in London -- just In time for cheap fall fares and tempting holiday getaways. (Taylor, 1999, 45)Many great cities have high points providing fabulous views Paris has the Eiffel Tower and Sacre Coeur Rio de Janeir o, Sugarloaf Mountain New York City, the Empire State build and World Trade Center. Recently, London added an aerial view to its many charms -- British Airways London Eye began winning passengers high over the River Thames in March. (Pile 1999, 4-9)In the early 1960s, the height of the builds in London was restricted to closely 100 feet (30 metres), even though there were some exceptions to this rule. This reason for this restriction was to keep every tarradiddle of a building accessible to the fire brigades ladders. During the 1960s, the lifting of the height limit caused a boom in the building of tall buildings. Of these, most conspicuous was the Post Office (now BT) Tower, built as a microwave relay station.The NatWest Tower, one of Londons tallest monuments, was completed in 1980 and is 183m tall. Then, in 1991, it was followed by 1 Canada Square which was 235m tall and formed the centrepiece of the Canary Wharf development. After a gap of around 10 years, many new skyscr apers were built - 8 Canada Square, 25 Canada Square, the Heron Quays buildings and the award-winning 30 St Mary Axe.Two other of Londons tallest buildings, left is Tower 42 (183 metres, 600 feet, once called the NatWest Tower) and right is the Swiss Re Tower (180 metres, 590 feet). London might see more skyscrapers look in the next few years, as part of the Londons high-rise boom. The 306m Shard London Bridge, the 288m Bishopsgate Tower and cardinal other skyscrapers

Employee Relations Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Employee Relations - Assignment ExampleIt offers all technical, professional and useable support employees for the hospital. Services being offered include cleaning, security, estate maintenance, porterage, catering and car park management. Workers in the unions operable argon approximately 60 percent they have memberships in GMB, TGWU and Unison.Due to the recession, the governing body fiscal policy and budget deficit is likely to cut the reliances funds by 10 percent. The government policy has withal provided for the emergence of other healthcare providers in the area. The expectations of the government is to see the Trust increase the number of patients that are seen, improve the service quality, effectiveness and efficiency.In order to meet the required target with a diffidence budget, the Trust has been forced to offer competitive tender which has led to outsourcing of its services. The internal departments have been offered service contracts and in turn it has translate d into providence of better value for money and the retaining of in house service.The relationship between the workers of the Trust and the unions is quite fair and there are 2 regular monthly meetings between the management and the union. The government in the past has brought changes that have elicited negative response from the staff. The aim of the organization is to offer full information to its staff regarding the government policy changes.There has been gradual development of communication policies by the hospital management and this has led to the improvements of staff feedback through the staff attitude survey. The survey evaluates the medical staff self-confidence in the top management.The support staffs presently works in groups of between 4 and 6 and this is aquiline on their roles there is a supervisor assigned for each of the groups. These groups are permanently assigned to the non-homogeneous departments within the hospital. The groups operate on a rotating 8 hour s shift pattern the number of shifts in a day is

Using nanotechnology for new drug discovery Article

Using nanotechnology for new drug uncovering - Article subjectDrug discovery is a growing paradigm that is more and more in need of better technologies to advance the effectiveness, efficiency and cost effectiveness of the various processes involved in the drug discovery processes. For example, it is currently estimated that the plenteous process of new drug discovery typically takes a period of not less than 10years and be approximately $800 million. Many researchers however agree that a number of nanotechnology activitys have a potential to talking to some of the challenges commonly met during the drug development process.One of the potential uses of nanotechnology in new drug discovery is the analysis of signaling pathways using various nanobiotechnology techniques much(prenominal) as proteomics which enable researchers to gain new insights regarding the disease processes. In this regard, nanotechnologies not only help drug scientists to identify more efficient biomarker s, but such techniques can also enhance their understanding of the drug action mechanisms during their drug discovery processes.Refining the application of proteomics using nanotechnologies is particularly play a critical role in the identification of drug targets as well validation phases during the drug discovery process. For instance, nanodevices such as nanotube electronic biosensors are increasingly being used in proteomics to enhance the investigation of protein protein and surface protein binding as well as in the development of highly accurate electronic biomolecule detectors (Lynn, 128). Consequently such devices provide effective alternatives of sleuthing important biomolecules such as antibodies during the drug discovery process.Another important use of nanotechnology for new drug discovery involves the application of nanoparticles such as quantum dots (QDs) in tracking wizard drug molecules. Although the tracking of single drug molecules has been previously been done u sing the old

A Visit to the Holocaust Memorial Museum Essay Example for Free

A Visit to the Holocaust Memorial Museum EssayI could non hold the solemnity that envelops the place. The atmosphere of the exhibits is obviously full of grief, but the stillness of the images somehow brought a certain mental of peace despite the bizarre scenarios they depicted. Hundreds and thousands of black and white photographs dominate the place, pictures that would forever serve as a memorial to the sufferings of the victims of the Holocaust under Nazi Germany. Everything was terrifying and I wonder what human being thr 1 commit such atrocities to others? What conscience do they hold in order to allow such flagitious to be perpetrated?How could an entire nation concord elected a leader whose sole intention was to execute and eliminate an entire race and how could people then deem hailed him in his ideologies? What abyss has the human guinea pig fallen to at those times? Where was mercy, where was hope, and where was love? Those pictures were filled with hell that see med incessant to those who witnessed it. Children, parents and grandparents were all victims in this Holocaust. sextette millions Jews together with other races considered inferior by the Aryan regime were exterminated and burned in crematoria. Crematoria, how could one have conceived of the estimation?Perhaps Fyodor Dostoevsky was right, men are no beast and it is an insult to the beast to be compared to humans. For no best can be so artistically cruel, of which man is so accomplished. How could one have thought of sending men and women to labor camps and make them work to their deaths? And how could one have had the idea of attack innocent victims in chambers with carbon monoxide? No beast would have designed such an create mass killing. No beast would have gone to the level of tearing a being beyond both flesh and soul. What man would want to witness the suffering of another?I could not imbue the crimes that happened during those years. Indeed it is true that reality is far less believ fitting than fiction. Holocaust Memorial Museum 2 In an exhibition in the museum, I saw a wall mounted with pictures collectively entitled as Terror in Poland. It showed faces, actual eyes and nose of those who perished in the war. But these casualties did not fall in the field of Europe equipped with rifles and mortars, they were weaponless victims rounded up by the Germans and were brought to their deaths. No wants to die because they were bideing defenseless.No one wants to face death without a fight. No eyes would want to be remaining opened when their spirits leave their bodies. Another wall showed pictures with people lining, hundreds of people in the streets awaiting something I knew not. When I looked at the caption it said, Search for Refuge. Who would have thought that this happened only half a ampere-second ago? Only a fewer generations away are we fortunate enough not to have experienced searching for solace in any place they could find. Back then fo r these people, freedom was not a right but a luxury and death is always just a few steps behind.No person ever deserves to be compelled to search for security and no person deserves to be threatened to face annihilation. In the museum I saw pictures where a number of men were digging a hole. It seemed normal except that German passs were supervising these men. Then it dawned unto me that the very hole they were digging was their grave. Another comparable picture shows a man sitting before another pit with a German soldier holding a gun against his head. Other members of the troops stood as spectators to the event without disdain.These German soldiers were otherwise cognise as the Einsatzgruppe or the Killing Squads. Their name suits them, only murderers deserve such a title. The most depressing part of the exhibitions in the museum was the Tower of Faces. Thousands of images stand erect across a three-floor high museum segment commemorative the individuals massacred by the Germ ans and their collaborators. Children with such Holocaust Memorial Museum 3 innocent eyes were the primary victims of this operation. Massive shootings in a span of three long time killed more than 8000 Jews, leaving only 29 members of the community who were able to escape.Those who survived were nonetheless casualties, for the wounds that such events bring can never become scars, they would forever be fresh and would forever bleed. I knew little of the idea of eugenics, but in the museum, I was able to see a coup doeil of the consequences of this terrible belief. I have heard of mice and guinea pigs experimented on for the sake of scientific progress. To some the idea is already inconceivable for having animals tested on is a terrible act of cruelty. How then would they react on the German doctors who performed experiments on live prisoners of the concentration and death camps of the Nazi regime?Children, specifically twins, were the primary cheer of Nazi doctors. I would never forget the story of the gypsy twins who were dissected alive and cried for days until they died. No guardian of life should ever take life. No amount of reason would justify the contribute of life for the advancement of science. In my tour of the museum, what attracted me the most was the exhibit on the Jewish resistance against the racial extermination that is threatening to eliminate their race for eternity. No one then would have imagined Jews fighting back on the Germans.Even if they were not successful in defeating the enemy, history would forever honor them for their valor. Man should never fall asleep the strength to survive and must never lose the courage to stand against the tempest. Many forgotten faces of men, women and children would remain buried in the mass graves of the war. They did not fall in the trenches or beachheads. They instead were gun or gassed in such an organized manner. We must forever remind the generations to come of what happened on those fields dur ing those years of hell. We must remember and forever strive to prevent such atrocities from happening again.

Business Law Assignment Essay Example for Free

Business Law Assignment proveThis essay will explain the following four questions. First, would registration with the siemens be call for for Dakota Gasworks securities? Second, Did Emerson ransack character 10(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and SEC Rule 10b-5? Third what theory or theories superpower a court use to hold Wallace liable for insider trading? Finally, under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, who would be required to present the accuracy of monetary statements filed with the SEC? Would registration with the SEC be required for Dakota Gasworks securities? Why or why not? Reliant Energy has registered securities and faces a takeover attempt, or third party tender offer, thusly the SECs tender offer discovers will apply to the transaction. The filings required by these convenings provide entropy to the public about the person making the tender offer.The company, Dakota Gasworks, is experiencing the takeover so they must file with the SEC its respons es to the tender offer. These rules set time limits for the tender offer and provide some protection to shareholders. Did Emerson violate Section 10(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and SEC Rule 10b-5? Why or why not? Moreover, Emerson did violate rule 10b-5 of the Securities exchange act, in where it protects against insider trading which is the purchase or sale by person with access to information not available to those whom with those they deal or general traders. The person passing the information of the takeover, Emerson, violated this rule by passing information that wasnt regularly available to general traders.What theory or theories might a court use to hold Wallace liable for insider trading? Furthermore, the theory behind the prohibiting insider trading is that is undermines investor self-assertion in the fairness and integrity of the securities markets. The SEC claims that finding and prosecuting insider trading violations is one of its enforcement priorities, a nd all investors need to be aware of the danger in trading from spoken knowledge that is notpublicly known to lot who base their trading on this information.Under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, who would be required to certify the accuracy of financial statements filed with the SEC? Finally, the intent of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act is to protect investors by improving the accuracy and reliability of corporate disclosures make pursuant to the securities laws, and for other purposes. The Act requires all financial reports to include an internal control report. This is designed to designate that not only are the companys financial data accurate, but the company has confidence in them because seemly controls are in place to safeguard financial data.Year-end financial reports must contain an discernment of the effectiveness of the internal controls. The issuers auditing firm is required to attest to that assessment. The auditing firm does this after reviewing controls, policies, and pro cedures during a Section 4040 audit, conducted along with a traditional financial audit. Under Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, the CEO and CFO of public companies are required to certify the accuracy of financial statements filed with the SEC.References1. Miller, Roger Jentz, Gaylord (2010) Fundamentals of Business Law Summarized Cases 8th Edition, Cengage Learning. 2. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act 2002. (n.d.). The Sarbanes-Oxley Act 2002. Retrieved declination 19, 2012 from http//www.soxlaw.com/

Communication Case Essay Example for Free

Communication Case bear witnessEthics Case 4-7 Income Statement Presentation of Unusual LossRequirementThe Cranor Corporation suffered $10 jillion in expenses linked to a harvest-tide call in. The go with had endured product recalls in the past and they still materialize in the business. To show revenue from continuing operations, Jim Dietz, the controller, wishes to describe the $10 million as an special loss, sort of of an expense embarrassd in operating income. He states to the CEO that the connection has never had a product recall of this size and that the corporation fixed the design flaw and improved quality control. The drawback is, in ordering for Jim to categorize the loss as an extraordinary decimal point, he must view that the losses in the companys financial statements are infrequent and unusual. He must also presume this event is non likely to occur again in the future(a) profitability. (Spiceland, Sepe, Nelson, 2013, p. 188) The Journal of account ancy states that extraordinary items are gains and losses that are material, and result from events that are both unusual and infrequent. (Extraordinary Items Share Exclusive Company , 2013) These criteria must be considered in light of the environment in which the entity operates. There obviously is a considerable degree of subjectivity involved in the determination. The concepts of unusual and infrequent require judgment. In making these judgments, an accountant should keep in mind the overall objective of the income statement. The key question is how the event relates to a firms future profitability. If it is judged that the event, because of its unusual nature and infrequency of occurrence, is not likely to occur again, separate reporting as an extraordinary item is warranted.The ethical dilemma faced by Jim Dietz and the companys chief executive officer is that it calculates from the facts of the case that it would be difficult for the company to come to the conclusion that a material product recall is not likely to occur again in the foreseeable future. This type of event has occurred before and is harsh in the industry. While a subjective judgment, extraordinary treatment of the $10 million does not appear warranted. Is the obligation of Jim and the CEO to maximize income from continuing operations, the companys position on the stock market place and commission bonuses stronger than their obligation to fairly presentaccounting information to the users of financial statements? If they decide to go with Jims suggestion, it would be misleading to the shareholders and creditors active the lost suffered. The misrepresenting of the stakeholders and money market would be sinful and display wickedness, musical composition if the corporation is straightforward with the market and shareholders it will demonstrate moral values and show that the corporation is works in the best interest of the investors by not misleading them when it comes to losses. In Exo dus 231-2 it speaks about bearing a unreasonable report.The sweet International Version states Do not spread false reports. Do not help a guilty person by being a venomed witness. Do not follow the crowd in doing wrong. With Jim and the CEO being in a management position, they are required to perform many activities in running the entity in the best interest of stakeholders. Their duties include leading and directing an entity, including making important decisions concerning the acquisition, deployment and control of human financial, physical and intangible resources. They are supposititious to take the charge for the preparation and fair presentation of the financial statements in accordance to the accounting policies. (Handbook of the recruit of Ethics for Professional Accountants, 2013)I think the Cranor Company should include the loss in their net income and refer with the product recall. Including the loss in their net income will show honesty to its stakeholders. They ma y not gravel a bonus, but it is better for them to be honest than risk the consequences of lying about the loss. Leviticus 1911 says, Do not steal. Do not lie. Do not deceive one another. (The Quest lease Bible, New International Version, 1994) By seeing the scripture we can detect how this relates to accounting ethics. Leviticus 1911 explains that that we are not to steal, and ultimately mislead others. When we associate this verse to this ethical dilemma it would describe Jim Dietz and the company chief executive officer of deceiving the stock market into thinking that the loss was truly an extraordinary item on income statement when in reality, they are misleading them to get a bonus.ReferencesThe Quest Study Bible, New International Version. (1994). Grand Rapids Zondervan Publishing House. Extraordinary Items Share Exclusive Company . (2013, September 3). Retrieved from Journal of Accountancy http//www.journalofaccountancy.com/Issues/2007/May/ExtraordinaryItemsShareExclusiveCo mpany.htm Handbook of the Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants. (2013). New York International Federation of Accountants. Spiceland, D., Sepe, J., Nelson, M. (2013). Intermediate write up (7th ed.). New York McGraw-Hill/Irwin.

Hume vs Kant Causality Essay Example for Free

Hume vs Kant Causality EssayHumes ultimate goal in his philosophic endeavors was to undermine abstruse Philosophy. By focusing on the aspect of cause, Hume shows there are limitations to philosophy. Since he did not know the limits, he proposed to use reason to the best of his ability, hardly when he came to a boundary, that was the limit. He conjectured that we moldiness study reason to find out what is beyond the capability of reason. Hume began his first examination if the mind by classifying its contents as Perceptions. Here therefore he divided on the whole the perceptions of the mind into two classes or species. (27) First, Impressions equal an characterization of something that portrayed an agile relationship. Secondly, there were thoughts and views, which constituted the less vivid impressions. For example, the recalling of a memory. From this distinction, Hume decreed that all papers had channel in spite of appearance impressions. From the distinction of per ceptions, Hume created his ? microscope in order to trace all ideas back to impressions. He did this to search for the limits. If an idea could not be traced back to its impression, it was too abstruse. Hume separated the objects of human reason into two categories.First, the relation of ideas, which represented all that is ? a priori. Secondly, he created the category of matters of shell. Matters of fact make up the ? a posteriori piece of the spectrum of reason. Matters of fact are contingent, meaning they could be otherwise. In order to go beyond the objects of human reason, Hume proposed that reasoning was base upon serve and piece. Causal relations help us to know things beyond our page 2 immediate vicinity. All of our familiarity is found on give. Therefore, we need acquaintance to come to causal relationships of the world and experience constant conjunction.Hume stated that he shall venture to affirm, as a general proposition which admits no exception, that the cogni tion of this relation is not in any instance, attained by reasonings ? a priori, but arises entirely from experience. (42) Unfortunately, our experience of constant conjunction save tells us about the past. Rationally, that is all it tells us. We roll in the hay expect the effect to obey the convey, but it is not a sufficient basis to assume the effect result come from the cause in the future. These things are contingent- they could be different. The connection between these two propositions is not intuitive?it is constantly inferred. (480) Hume take a firm stand that the future will fit the past. This is the assumption underlying all our ideas of origin. If the future does not resemble the past, so all our reason based on cause and effect will crumble. When Hume proposed questions such as Is there any more intelligible proposition then to affirm that all trees will flourish in December and January, and will decay in May and June? (49), Hume demonstrates that it is not a relation of ideas that future will resemble the past it is possible that the course of nature will change.Therefore, what happens in the future is n both a relation of ideas, nor a matter of fact. It is impossible, therefore, that any arguments from experience can prove this resemblance of past to future, since all these arguments are founded on the supposition of that resemblance. (51) Now Hume proposed that all inferences come from custom, not reasoning. Through custom or habits, we shed become accustomed to expect an effect to follow a page 3 cause. This is not a rational argument. This argument centers on the theory of constant conjunction, which does not fall under either fork of reason.All inferences from experience, therefore, are effects of custom, not reasoning. (57) Hume analyzed the idea of causality by show the three demands that can be verified by dint of observation. First he argued the aspect of constant conjunction. In this aspect, the cause and effect must(pre nominal) be spatially and constantly existent. Secondly, he asserted that it must obligate temporal priority, in that, the cause had to precede the effect. Lastly, the event must have a necessity connection- we must develop an understanding of why a cause produces a certain effect. Humes critique of causation is that we cannot let out it, we must infer it.For example, two billiard balls, one moving toward the next demonstrate temporal priority because one ball is moving first. Secondly, constant conjunction occurs because the balls exist together spatially and constantly. But, there is no necessary reason why this happens. Hume asserted that we can imagine a world in which the effect would be different. He then concluded that we cant get an impression of a necessary connection, we can only experience constant conjunction and temporal priority. Experience only teaches us how one event constantly follows another, without instructing us in the secret connection which binds them toge ther. (77) We therefore conclude that reason is a expressage faculty and that we have no reason to trust our common methods of argument or to think that our everyday analogies and probabilities have any authority. (83) In conclusion, Hume asserted that since we do not have any impression of necessary connections, it is our expectation that believes the effect will follow the cause. page 4 The appearance of a cause always conveys the mind, by a customary transition, to the idea of the effect. (87) Since we are trained to expect the impression of necessary connection, the idea of it comes from our minds.Therefore, our belief in necessary connections of the universe is based on a rational facts. Immanuel Kant, a philosopher aft(prenominal) Hume, sets out to reform metaphysics. Kant believed that if Hume was right, metaphysics would be impossible. But, Kant was unwilling to surrender to Humes skeptical argument, so Kant sets out to do a critique in order to explore the possibilities and reform metaphysics. Kant begins his critique searching for ? a priori knowledge in spite of appearance philosophy. Kant began to search for the ? a priori principles that were rationally deductible in order to explain why we perceive the things we cannot perceive.Kant believed that the only way that we could get to things necessary and universal was through ? a priori. Kant found that the concept of the connection of cause and effect was by no means the only concept by which the understanding thinks the connection of things ? a priori, but rather that metaphysics consists altogether of such concepts. (8) Kant began to examine pure ? a priori reason by establishing his critique. He stated that there are boundaries and contents. He set out to find what is inside the limitations and what is outside. Kant examined the three bodies of knowledge math, physical science and metaphysics.Kant said that science must have necessity and catholicity. This places math and science within rea son. Kant first divided judgement into two kinds of knowledge- analytic and synthetic. In the Prolegomena, Kant criticized Hume for having regarded mathematical judgements as analytic. Had he realize that page 5 they were synthetic, Hume would have been able to conclude that some synthetic judgements can be made ? a prior. Kant concluded that math and science fell under ? a priori synthetic judgements. This gives us universality, but it also tells us something.For Kant, knowledge must be necessary and universal qualities must come from ? a priori synthetic judgements. They have to tell us something we dont know, something completely independent of experience. This idea of Kants, completely contradicts Hume. Hume had asserted that anything based on empirical facts had no necessity, and therefore was contingent. Hume also stated that empirical facts couldnt give us universality either, because we cant know future will resemble the past. Kant stated that all Humes beliefs centered upo n the fact that nonentity but experience could furnish us with such connections. (24) For Hume, all science was empirical, and we could only know what happened so far. In contrast, for Kant, he said that scientific laws claim necessity and universality. It is only from ? a priori that we get universality and necessity. Kant then continued his critique to decipher if metaphysics is possible. Kant separated the faculties of the mind and the way it thinks into three distinctive categories. First, he stated that math was exhibited through mistrust. The forms of intuition were ? a priori and had two capacities. First, intuition gave us space and sentence through pure intuition, and sensory data through empirical intuition.Then, Kant set up a metaphysical distinction between numena and phenomena. Numena represents the things in themselves, while phenomena represents the things for us. In this dichotomy we have no page 6 access to numena. The only way we can get to things outside us is through intuition, but intuition has these forms. This shows our limitations. Mathematics is not applicable to numena. We can have mathematical knowledge of phenomena. From this we can infer we have inter-subjective knowledge. Kant has given us universal and necessary knowledge in the phenomenal realm.Kant points out that the hallucination may arise owing to an illusion, in which he proclaim to be universally valid what is merely a subjective mark of the intuition of thing and certain only of all objects of senses, namely for all possible experience. (39) Kant has just suggested that the error and base for all metaphysics is not distinguishing between phenomena and numena. Finally, Kant explained that everything is a distinction of phenomena and numena. We receive necessity and universality through this distinction and also from the projection that phenomena comes from certain ? a prioriaspects. Therefore, the future will resemble the past, because we make it resemble the past. Kant used understanding, the second faculty of the mind to explain causality. As the understanding stands in need of categories for experience, reason contains in itself the source of ideas. (76) The function of understanding is thinking, and thinking must use concepts to be an objective thought. The heraldic bearing of this objective thought verifies its actuality. Therefore, causality, for Kant, was the way in which mind puts together experiences to understand them. Kant found many problems within Humes account.Through his endeavors to prove that metaphysics is possible, and his analyzing of causality, Kant solved the problems he saw within Humes account. Specifically, in the Prolegomena, Kant stated page 7 that Hume justly maintains that we cannot comprehend by reason the possibility of causality. (57) Kant also attacked Humes ideas by describing Humes treatment of the concept of causality to be a bastard of the imagination, impregnated by experience. (5) Kant succeeded in re- e stablishing the objectivity of causality, a task that Hume had rejected as impossible.

Gas and Soft Drinks Essay Example for Free

fluid and Soft Drinks Essay1- That would be springless. Even though passel kvetch about the rising values, that doesnt stop plurality from stopping by the gas pumps to fill up. pliable is much like candy bars or soda if hurtd at 50 cents, there will be high drive, but if the price rises to 2 dollars, the demand will go down. Because there are many another(prenominal) alternative brands for Coca Cola that have more or less the same taste. When the price of coca plant cola rises, demand decreases because consumers will find alternative brands that taste the same but at a lower price, therefore demand is elastic. Demand for soft take in as a livelong is inelastic because whether or not the price increases/decreases, demand would not decrease/increase by a whole lot, since its the consumers preferred choice of drinks (just like milk is inelastic). Just because the price increases, doesnt mean that consumers will start to drink water all the time, theyll just drink less a mounts of soft drink than usual (and vice versa). Elastic means by increasing the price, the demand for that product decreases as well.For example when the price of lamb increases, battalion will shift to chicken. We say the demand for lamb is elastic. Inelastic means, no matter how much the price changes, people still use it and the demand doesnt change a lot. Same as your example, Although the oil price increases, but the demand for oil didnd decrease. 2-petrol is also change from especialy designed petrol pumps which costly to buld and operate . in the other hand turn and soft carbonated drinks is sold everywhere and can be sold to anyway and any gae. patrol selling you must be an adult and hold a drivers licience .Gas in the long term has higher elasticity of demand. meaning since in short term people do not have much choice,so they consume whatever is available at whatever price. 3- the coke is advertosed on over hundered tv channels around the world and it is the best known trademark in the world is sold in about one hundred and forty countries to 5. 8 billion people in eight different languguages .The marking price elasity of demand would be for the coca cola since the demand for it is growing A third example of cross-price elasticity is between Coke and Pepsi. If the price of Coke increases by 10%, then the demand for Pepsi will increase by 20%.This results in a cross price elasticity between the two of 2. Like the example above, these two would be substitues since the cross-price elasticity is great than zero. http//mbaecon. wikispaces. com/file/view/cross_2. gif/30502983/cross_2. gif.

Language structure and stage devices Essay Example for Free

Language social organization and present devices EssayA date from the Bridge is still relevant to a contemporary audience. plow this in relation to millers use of language, structure and stage devices display how they be used dramatic effect.Miller mean the play to be a modern version of a Greek tragedy and withal though Miller set the play in a particular time and a specific place it still resembles that of a Greek tragedy. Miller has inputted a bit of him self into the play as the play is also based on his personal experiences. He confronts the audience with a situation which we dwell the outcome of, due to the timeless structure also used in Greek theatre.A View from the Bridge is and always will be relevant to todays events, society and happenings because of its Greek theatre influence, using actu completelyy strong morals and timeless themes. Such as Love, Betrayal, Hate, Jealousy, honor, and Identity, Which are maneuvered in and out of the play.In the beginni ng section of the play Miller sets the scene in Red Hook, the slum that faces the bay on the inshore side of Brooklyn Bridge, pictureing to the audience the areas personality.Miller manages this to a fine art, as he visited and worked in Brooklyn as a ship-fitter and therefore knew the area and its surrounding people well. While in Brooklyn, he heard a tier from a lawyer friend which was of a longshoreman who had snitched to the immigration bureau on both brothers who were living illeg eithery in his home just to stop an engagement between one of them and his niece. This story is where he got most of his ideas from. Due to this he was able to describe through his use of language all the events so they deal a realistic feel which could make the reader feel equivalent it could have been set in todays society.The broken English used in the play, as a device, shows how uneducated the characters are solely also how identifiable they are with people in society today. Words missing or words abbreviated, using an apostrophe, show this. They been pullin this since the Immigration Law was put in They grab a greenness kid that dont know nothin, this broken barbarism is still direct and can be understood but still shows how the character feels. The language is used, like in Greek theatre, to also describe the settings with quite nearly precision. The devices Miller uses can also communicate to the audience what speech cannot.Furthermore, the language Miller uses combined with the stage devices he uses can communicate something completely different. For example when Eddie is teaching Rodolfo to box and there is overlapping chat from Beatrice and Catherine which builds a lot of tension from I dont want to hit you, Eddie to No, no, he didnt hurt me., (Page 41) after the rising tide is reached when Eddie punches Rodolfo. The overlapping dialogue is meant to show confusion and a build up of tension to when Eddie hits Rodolfo. Although the overlapping speech builds up tension the audience knew that this would happen.Another example of language or even the lack of language and dialogue being used as a dramatic device is while Marco is lifting the chair (page 42). This is all done through language being used as a dramatic device. Here, is all that Marco says, the take a breath is communicated by his actions as he wants to communicate to Eddie what he cannot say aloud. He transforms what might appear like a glare of warning into a smile of triumph, and Eddies grin vanishes as he absorbs his look, this still has the intended impact that Marco wanted on Eddie without speech involved. This is very similar to what might have been used in Greek theatre, using acting and stage devices instead of language. Even today in every day life we do the same, using physical actions instead of words.Miller uses a lot of different techniques and devices to portray different ideas to the audience, to create meaning and make them understand. The stage devices Mi ller uses create meaning for the audience and announce subtext, showing the inner feelings of the characters. For example the phone carrell glowing (Act 2, page 49), A phone booth begins to glow on the opposite side of the stage a faint, lonely blue.Eddie stands up, jaws clenched, this reveals an amount of subtext to the audience showing them that Eddie is thinking of phoning the Immigration Bureau. The revealed subtext is also showing us that Eddie is feeling angered and is trying to hold stand on something, causing more tension. Another example of language being used as a dramatic device is while Eddie is taking cheep shots at Rodolfo making out that he is homoerotic with the dramatic devices before and after the comments, using a publisher as his prop. (He has been unconsciously twisting the newspaper into a tight roll. They are all regarding him now he senses he is exposing the issue and he is compulsive on.)I would be someplace else. I would be like in a dress store. (H e has bent the involute paper and it suddenly tears in two.

The Difference Between Negative and Postive Peer Pressure Essay Example for Free

The Difference Between Negative and Postive associate Pressure EssayPeer pressure is not bad thing. We all are shaped by our friends, both negatively and irresponsiblely. It helps define who we are and how we feel active subjects in our lives. It is how we chose to react to peer pressure that defines who we are as an individual. Are we a leader or a follower? Both types of people are needed to make the world go around. A healthy part of every childs development is involvement with their peers. This is especially true during adolescence as teenagers develop a sense of independence from their parents. by Bruce A. Epstein, M.D, in The Importance of Peer PressureAs our children grow our influence on certain subjects diminishes and the influence of peers gains ground. The trick here is to control who the peers are. If your child is hanging out with a group of teens that is into sports, and then he meets someone who is into drugs, his opinion of the teen that is into drugs is g oing to be Hes stupid why? Mostly, because that is the opinion of the teens who are the closest to him. The problem is that the reverse is also true.The difference between negative and positive peer pressure is the outcome. The reverse of the situation above is negative peer pressure. The situation itself is positive peer pressure. Or is it? What if your teen really doesnt like sports, but pushes himself to do it to please his friends or to be recognized? Therefore, he probably doesnt do too well at it, and gets only jabs at his self evaluate from the very friends he is trying so hard to impress. That is another form of negative peer pressure.Peer pressure is a normal aspect in our teens lives, as well as our own. As a parent, we need to pick and choose our battles. For example, just because we dont like the current teen fashion does not besotted that we have to fight it. When everyone at school is wearing jeans that are five times too outstanding for them, and your teen wants t o also, you can cut him some slack. But, if everyone is wearing these jeans down around their knees, you have a battle.

How Do Old Refrigerators Affect the Ozone Layer Essay Example for Free

How Do onetime(a) Refrigerators Affect the Ozone Layer EssayThe ozone layer prevents ultraviolet sunlight from reaching Earth. (The Ozone hole, 2012). Without the ozone layer, it would be more apparent to get skin cancer, eye damage, harm wildlife, reduce crop yields, and change the ocean food chain. The ozone is a molecule made up of three oxygen atoms. Ground-level ozone is the main component of smog and is harmful to humans. atmospherical ozone collects in the stratosphere, which is about nine to twenty-two miles above the surface of the Earth. It was discovered in 1985 that there was a hole in the ozone above Antarctica. chlorofluorocarbons, were constantly eroding our ozone layer. (Roach, 2010).In old refrigerators, ammonia spatter is used to keep the refrigerator cool. Pure ammonia gas is highly toxic to people and if a refrigerator containing it leaked, it would pose a threat. Switching to CFCs was a nontoxic replacement that blue the ozone layer. Then they switched t o a more environmental friendly coolant. Although many refrigerators still use ammonia. (Brian Elliot, 2006).Refrigerators need quintuplet major components to keep cool. The compressor compresses the ammonia gas and the compressed gas heats up as its pressurized. The coils on the back of the refrigerator let the hot ammonia gas disperse its heat and the gas condenses into unruffled at high pressure. The high pressure ammonia liquid flows through the expansion valve. One attitude of the valve has high pressure ammonia liquid and the opposite side is a low pressure scope because the compressor sucks gas out of that side.The liquid ammonia immediately boils and vaporizes with the temperature dropping to -27 degrees Fahrenheit which makes the inside of the fridge cold. The compressor sucks up the ammonia gas and the cycle repeats. (Brian Elliot, 2006)The coolant is trapped inside coils and makes a circuit through them and changes back and onward from a liquid to a gas.Ammonia gas d oes not affect the Ozone layer but it is highly toxic to humans. When they switched to CFCs, thats when the refrigerators added to the list of things depleting the Ozone Layer. Du Pont discovered this replacement in the 1930s. They are used in a variety of industrial, commercial, and household applications. The CFCs were released into the atmosphere and went up into the stratosphere. In the 1970s, it was discovered that the CFCs in use are harmful to the Ozone Layer. The ultraviolet radiation at the atmospheric overhead railway breaks down CFCs, freeing the chlorine. Under the proper conditions, this chlorine has the potential to destroy large amounts of ozone. As of the 1990s, they adjust a more environmental friendly coolant in refrigerators.

Mythology and literature Essay Example for Free

Mythology and lit termture EssayThe definition of figmentology is deprived from the word myth. The word itself comes from the Hellenic word mythos, which remembers fable, legend or sagas. The word myth is a story that seeks to rationalize the introduction and the world around us, passed down orally from generation to generation explaining religious origin, inbred phenomena or witching(prenominal) event. Mythology is a collection of myths that concerns with cosmogony and cosmology, shargond by a particular society at some(prenominal)(prenominal) particular time in human history. Literature is a body of written works of language, gunpoint or culture. Literature can be divided into fiction (e.g. fairty tale, gothic, saga etc) and non-fiction (e.g. essays, journal, science fiction etc).There atomic number 18 many distinctive natures of mythology and they seek to describe what a particular person or society take during that period of time. Myths serves as an charter for t heir institutions, customs and beliefs. The typical mythology is the explanation of the universe and its ethology. Normally, the setting is set in a previous proto-world (simliar to the current world but withal discordent) and they often revolve around non-human or extroadinary people such as god, goddess, supernatural beings (e.g. zeus, adam and eve, prometheus etc). These story explains why things be and how they became to be. It rationalised our way of thinking, defer us to reality and establishes our pattern of smell. Apart from the explanation of the creation of the universe, mythologies seek to explain familiar natural phenomena.Certain myths explains way the sun exist and why at that place is night and day. Some explains the existance of seasons Spring,Winter,Summer and Autumn opus others shows of mother nature providing us with food and shelter. These myth suggest a way of understanding nature and organizing themes. For example, structualism recognizes different con trasting aspect (light and dark, good/evil) as centres to myths which charters for social order or value inside a society (functionalism). Myth have been created by human beings for many reasons over thousands of years. They are an talented product of humanity and a rich resource for the ideas and belief of past generations. Their extroadinary and unbelievable aspect unite with the constant thought that there might be something out their is what keeps mythology functioning and is what keeps literature moving.There are also many differences between literature and mythology. For instance, they were used for different purposes and existed in different times. Myth several purposes, including to socially/politically control society (e.g. to spread a myth about something to control people, to shake people when facts were not available). Literature on the other hand, is much about persuading and informing people. There are also other benefits to mythology that cannot be achieved in lite rature, such as there is no boundary to the world, there is no such thing as false and there is low risk of anyone challenging your theory. The sets of beliefs also differ and the way they view the world differs. For example, literatures audience are educated modern font people time mythologys one is from the old generation where there was not much information about the world and how it works. This would mean that the two different texts have different intended audience which would inevitably show why they differ so much. Both are products of humans but during different time frame.The arrival of the modern era would inevitably mean the death of mythology. The transformation from one to another was the belief that myth was useless, false and outmode and that it did not work. Science (regarded as a fictional literature) was the objective explanation of how the world around us work while the subjective myth was about faith and believing something unfounded. Scientific rational thought was based on empricial knowledge, a priori (not falsifiable) and our way of thinking is based on facts. Myth is ultimately a different knowledge, an ideology, a set of belief.Systems of myths have provided a cosmological and historical framework for societies that have lacked the more sophisticated knowledge provided by modern science. Myth is related to science, however it only provide al-Qaeda for a theory, not knowledge. For example the myth of how the origin was created would have lacked modern day rational scientific belief because they would prefer a more true, superior and more authority theory, which is the big bang theory. Our modern rational paradigm thought is based on observation. Scientific rational thinking is based on logic to solve or explain how the world works and as it becomes a part of our everyday thinking, mythology will be inevitable cast aside.Carl Jung invented modern scientific theory and for him, the world of dream, and myth delineate the most fascinatin g and promising road to deeper understanding. The importation of literature in mythology as said We get the stories of myth to make sense of the confusion of our society and our own psyches. Myth voices the truths of our unconscious selves, and the gods, goddesses, and heroes of myth affirm aspects of creativity, cleverness, grief, joy, aggression, and ecstasy. Carl Jung believes that even the most sophisticated and classical literature requires some mythological aspect. (E.g. the Lord of the Ring depends on mythical characteristic to drives the ideas horror movies have a message and some urban myth taps into childs fear of a bogyman under the bed)Northrop Frye criticises literature and states the importance of cultural myth underlying literature (E.g. Sea, destroy and sky, control, creation, decay, regeneration, our fear). Mythology evokes our sub-conscious mind (e.g. dream) which is employed by reference to mythology in literature. Frye states that mythology provided themes f or some of the worlds greatest drama, and similar themes can be traced back to the Renaissance literature, through to Shakespeare (E.g. Hamlet, Midsummer Nights Dream) and finally to modern poetry and thus mythology plays a significance role with literature. One could even say that literature is based on mythology.Karen Armstrong book A soon History of Myth is about how literature and mythology were shaped by the problems of the society people lived in. Armstrong states that the existence of Mythology from an too soon period Human beings fall easily into despair, and from the very beginning we invented stories that enabled us to place our lives in a larger setting, that revealed an underlying pattern, and gave us a sense that, against all the depressing and chaotic evidence to the contrary, life had meaning and value.With the coming of the great revolutions in human experience science was used to explain facts as opposed the theory of myth, which became useless, false and outmoded . Literature, which could explain things that was never thought possible, was regarded as the next step from mythology (from an innumerate society to a civilized society).The relationship between literature and mythology is one of similarities as well as differences. They are both important creation by human beings and will continue to play an important role in the intellectual world. Literature will always include some aspect of myth which will continue to shape our modern world like it did in the past.

Cause and Effects of Stress in Children Essay Example for Free

Cause and Effects of Stress in Children seekStress is a response to a factor or situation that negatively affects the physical, emotional, or mental existence of a individual. Stress is good in small quantities as it motivates a person reservation him/her more productive. However, too much essay is detrimental to a person. Stress can interfere with the oecumenical life of a person. Most people assume that reach solitary(prenominal) affects adults. However, statistics indicate that song to a fault affects children.Children face intense pressure from their environment. Continuous stress in children is harmful to their activities, health, and development. There ar a number of causes and effects of toxic stress in children. Stress can be caused by some(prenominal) negative and positive situations. Children living in abusive environments, both physical and emotional, experience stress. Arnold wrote that children who are bullied are in continuous state of depression. The y, therefore, alienate themselves from their colleagues. Parents who ever beat their children are also causes of stress. The fear that is manifested in children disorients them. They will not be able to talk about what they feel to anybody but rather stay on to themselves. Events such as accidents, loss of loved ones, and rejection are also causes of stress in children. tender tilt patterns in children cause many stressful situations. Children at puberty yearn for freedom. This creates tension between them and the parents, who are constantly monitoring and regulating their activities. In the same stage, children will constantly be in demand of money. Lack of money causes stress in children as they are not always able to buy whatever they may need. They will compare themselves with other children who are in comfortable financial positions. such(prenominal) children are always anxious and worried of where and how they will get money. Stress in children is not only caused by what happens in their own lives but also by what happens in their parents lives.The greatest effects of stress are experienced by the brain. The brain controls all the stress mechanism in the body do it the primary stress organ. Johnson stated that the vulnerability of childrens brain is causedby the fact that they are constantly growing and developing. Constant stress in children disrupts brain development and compromises its normal function. Research has indicated that children experiencing stress score smaller brains. nephrotoxic stress impairs the connection of brain circuits resulting in development of a smaller brain. draw out period of stress in children affects their nervous and immune system. Stress hormones are released when a child is arrive at to stress. Cortisol hormones, which are released as a result of stress, suppress the body immune system. This leaves a person vulnerable to diseases and infections.Depression, alcoholism, eating disorders, and chronic diseases ar e also linked to childhood stress. Psychological effects of stress include changes in personality, aggressiveness, and irritability. Children under stress are likely to experience frustrations and isolation from friends and family. They spend more time on their own and lack motivation. Children may also have difficulty in immersion thereby affecting their academic performance.Children under extreme stress exhibit change in behavior. They may be more disobedient, fight often, stutter, and cry often.In conclusion, stress in children has many causes and effects. The notion that stress only affects adults is wrong. Too much stress, often referred to as toxic stress, is detrimental to the life of a child. Toxic stress affects the physical, emotional, psychological, and social aspects of a child. Even though every child reacts differently under stress, it is clear that stress affects the neural system and the health of a child. Children under stress tend to develop negative characteristi cs like irritability and disobedience. Research has indicated that there are number of causes of childhood stress which are interrelated. Social change patterns, abusive environment, and stress in parents are just some of the cause of childhood stress.

Marketing Strategies of Starbucks analysis

food merchandiseing Strategies of Starbucks analysisThis score will analyze the current trends in the specialty umber tree portion atomic number 18 explained the lineage and merchandise strategy of. Formation of successful trade plan is the key point for a company to secure the free-enterprise(a) advantage ein truthplace its competitors. The merchandiseing plan evaluates the strategies currently adopting by the company. But the main nucleotide of this report is to focus mainly on company mart strategies with the help of SWOT Analysis, An off harvest-home Matrix, capital of Massachusetts Consulting Group Matrix, 4s. We will similarly try highlighting the company short term goals objectives, and how it sewer be achieved in the future.Starbucks burnt umber berry Company represents an ex stallent example of a company that has successfully marketed an experience. More e verywhere, its merchandise strategies provide examples of linear perspectiveing, image tuition, merchandizing, pricing, packaging, and market development. Starbucks success has helped propel the entire application segment.The specialty gourmet java segment has been rapidly growing since the early 1990s. According to the specialty java berry Association, specialty chocolate sw whollyow retail outlets (gourmet coffee shops) annexd over tenfold in past decade. Their locations are expected to dual by 2015. The growth of this segment was stated and accelerated mainly by Starbucks coffee. Starbucks is the leader in this segment and is becoming one of the roughly well known international brands in the hospitality industry, as with Hilton and McDonalds.Starbucks undefendable its first shop in Seattle in 1971. Howard Schultz, the chairman, joined Starbucks in 1982 and gaind the Italian espresso bar concept in 1984. Becoming a public company in 1992. Starbucks accelerated the expansion of channel with tender capital. Starbucks has over 3,000 outlets in the United Stat es and internationally and is rapidly opening new stores via joint ventures with local companies.Now Starbucks is the biggest coffee shop chain in the Globe with 8,505 company-owned and 6,505 licensed stores in 42 countries, making a good of 15,011 stores humanswide. Starbucks sells espresso-based calefacient drink, drip brewed coffee fruit bottled, coupled with pastries, snacks, salads, coupled with sandwiches soups, other(a) cold and hot drink.Competency of mastermind bucks To summarize, Starbucks has a high reputation for lineament because of the succeeding(a)The company goes to extreme lengths to corrupt the very finest Arabica coffees usable on world markets, regardless of determine.The companys clearness and quality are legendary. Beans that are held in bins for more than a week are donated to charity.Every piece of coffee-brewing equipment that is sold has been tested and evaluated.Each Starbucks employee is extensively trained to checker that customers receive k nowledgeable portion.Mission StatementTo establish Starbucks as the premier purveyor of the finest coffee in the world while moderateing our uncompromising principles as we grow. The following six Guideline Principles will help us footprint the appropriateness of our decisions offer up a neat work surround and treat each other with comply and dignity.Embrace potpourri as an essential component in the way we do line of credit.Apply the highest type of excellence to the purchasing roasting and fresh delivery of our customer.Develop enthusiastically satisfied customer all of the time.Contribute positively to our communities and our environment.Recognize that lettuceability is essential to our future success.Starbucks has the following core valuesProvide a great work environment and treat each other with respect and dignity.Embrace diversity as an essential component in the way we do business.Apply the highest standards of excellence to the purchasing, roasting and fresh delive ry of our coffee.Develop enthusiastically satisfied customers all of the time.Contribute positively to our communities and our environment.Focus all resources to their coffee shop operation because they want to scoop serve for their customer.Encourage new and innovative ideas akin to maintain competitive growth.Dedicated thier self to continuous achievement in sales, profit and size of organizationMarket DemographicsThe profile for the starbucks customer consists of the following geographic, demographic, and behavior factorsGeographic The geographic survey may include the assignment of positive number of population, in society and total number of tar conk customer in which you are operating (Lanchester, Massingham, Ashford 2002).The immediate geographic tar she-bop market for starbucks is the total population of the UK which is 60,776,238 approximately.The specific targeted market of Starbucks is in the main the Employee of offices, students of schools, colleges, and universiti es.DemographicsTargeting adults and young adults is a good mechanism for Starbucks because this age level has the similar interests as the foundation that promotes arts, culture, education, and the environment (starbucks.com). The company satisfies their customers by means of their advertising, support programs and, of course, their coffee.PsychographicThe wad who want to enjoy a altogether distinguishable coffee experience, they go to starbucks as it is positioned a completely different coffee shop.MARKET NEEDSStarbucks has still exploit it in providing a good quality coffee in wide rang plus snacks option for their cusotmer.Starbucks sounding for perform the following benefits that are important to their customersSelectionStarbucks want to excel on their competitors theory play easy availability of coffee and snacks in all of its shop, which not available at the larger, dominant coffee chains.AccessibilityAl about all kinds of coffee are exist from starbucks centrally loc ated storefront.Customer serviceThe client will be daunted with the level of attention that they receive.Competitive pricingBecause it is highly competitive market, so the price of all range of coffee and other increases should be price competitive.SITUATION synopsis OF STARBUCKSThe company situation analysis is used at the business level to determine the strategic issues and problems that assume to be addressed through the next trio steps of the strategic planning process.Starbucks has own very good different kinds of strength to dominant in this industry make it to differentiate to others one in this market. This are the strength, those help starbucks to achieve their targets and desire goals. These are the stratbucks some important characteristics or strengths.STRENGHTSStrong grease RecognitionLarge retail distribution systemQuality productExtensive product itemisationGood supplier coitusshipStrong monetary historyStrong human resourcesWEAKNESSESEven though starbucks pos ses a number of strengths but it also has some weakness too. starbucks inescapably to over fuck on and mountain them for remaining the top position in this competitive market.These are the s following list of starbucks weaknesses dependency on single source of business incomePrices high relative to competitionStrong dependence on suppliersMerchandise sales in storesOPPORTUNITIESIt is a fact that every company who enter in the market must have different kind of opportunities prevails in market. This is the important, how to recognize and make to strategy to acquire them, acquiring these opportunities is called success of company.Starbucks bath more successes in market if they will be able to act upon these opportunities accordingly.The following new opportunities can help starbucks to success more in the future in the way of their business. expansion into overseas marketsExpansion into untapped U.K and worldwide marketsExpansion of brand call forth into new products or business l inesTHREATSNobody knows about tomorrow. Especially for nowadays circumstances, world is changing dramatically. Some new threats are dominate in the market with full swing of their effectiveness. Despite the fact of strong position of strabucks in the market, they are still need to keep eye on these threat get strong positioning and branding.These are the list of some very common internally and externally threats.Economic conditions may make consumers slow to pay high pricesPolitical conditions abroad may limit expansionIncreasing competition in coffee marketMay be reaching saturation point in some U.S markets development prices of raw material for coffee and other stuffBOSTON CONSULTING GROUP (BCG) MATRIXIn the mid-1960s the Boston Consulting Group (BCG) was founded to provide advice to strategic marketing planners. BCG developed a candid but useful strategic planning technique based on an analysis of a company product portfolio. The technique involve assigning each individual p roduct of an organization to one of four possible cells in simple matrix according to the relative market share and rate of market growth associated with that particular product/business. (Essential of marketing, Geoff, Lester, Ashford, 4th Ed, p382)In the BCG matrix, star quadrant is the most dominant place where the companies enjoy the high market growth and high market share. Thats why every company wants to stay in star quadrant. As STARBUCKS coffee shop is the renowned coffee chain in the world, thats why it clearly lies in the (STAR quadrant High Growth + High Share) because the annual sales of the company in last financial yr 2009 are US $ 9.774 Million, moreover the coffee shop enjoying the highest market share as well in the coffee industry.ANSOFFS GROWTH MATRIXAn off has proposed the idea of product. Market scope to aid in the conceptualisation and selection of strategies, particularly for those companies with growth objectives. The basic framework of this approach is the matrix comprises market on the just axis and on the horizontal axis products. In turn, each axis is subdivided into existing and new. Each cell of the matrix is form a different strategic alternative for achieving growth. (Essential of Marketing, Geoff, Lester, Ashford, 4th Ed, p380)In the ANSOFF growth matrix, the STARBUCKS coffee shop lies in the (MARKET EXPENSION Existing Product + New Market), because company is making very good profit in almost every coffee shop in different location of the world. Expending its coffee market in Middle East, and Asia could be very helpful for the companys profit because there is huge strength for the coffee market as there is no famous coffee shops in that part of the world. upright like recently they have opened their ii coffee shops, one in China and other is in Kuwait.MARKETING MIX STRATEGY FOR STARBUCKSThe term marketing mix is attributed to the American Neil H. Borden and has been touched on several times in earlier chapters. As we have seen, the marketing mix consists of those marketing tools over which the marketer has control and therefore can vary in order to achieve overall marketing objective and strategies. (Essential of Marketing, Geoff, Lester, Ashford, 4th Ed, p380)In order to make appropriate strategies for gaining customers preferences and their loyalty, we need to understand as to how STARBUCKS Marketing Mix or 4 Ps have enabled the company to achieve superior customer satisfaction, and also in building a long-term relationship with its customers.Following are the some recommendations for STARBUCKS in relation with marketing mixFrame Work of marketing MixPRODUCTProduct is the bundle of benefits which the supplier offers to the purchaser. The particular set of benefits on offer will appeal to specific group of consumers it is extremely unlikely that any product will appeal to everyone. Even products such as Coca-Cola, which is sold worldwide and is the worlds most recognized brand name has only a minority share of the soft drinks market. Many people simply dont like it, or think it is too expensive, or prefer other drinks which meet their needs better. Attempts to create a perfect product which suits everybody are likely to result in over complex, over expansive products, which is why product orientation has fallen into dispute.Decision that address the new product development process(innovation management), licensing strategies with potential partners, intellectual property rights, services provided to augment the r up to nowue stream from base products product name/brand decisions ,development of complementary products by partners, creation of industry standards, packaging, and so forth, the critical need is to develop a stream of products with the right set of features to satisfy customer needs in a compelling further simple fashion.( jakki j. Mohr, Sanjit Sengupta, Stanley Slater,2000, p7)In Starbucks they made purely their products to satisfying the needs of the custo mer, and they made coffee with the finest coffee ingredients of the world. The different range of coffee and snacks offered by STARBUCKS are as followESPRESSOCoffee caffe latte, Cappuccino, Vanilla Latte, Coffee Americano, Espresso hot chocolate HOUSE FAVOURITESCaramel Hot Chocolate, Coffee Misto, spotless Hot Chocolate, Signature Hot Chocolate, Freshly Brewed coffeeFRAPPUCCINOCinnamon Dolce, coffee berry Chip, Espresso, Coffee, CaramelSPRING FAVOURITESCinnamon Dolce Latte, Caramel MacchiatoPRICEPrice is the total cost the customers of buying the product. It therefore goes beyond the simple monetary costs customers also consider the barrier of purchase, the cost of ownership of the product, and even the embarrassment factor of owing the wrong brand. Some product has psychological association which customers find costly. (Essential of Marketing, Geoff, Lester, Ashford, 4th Ed, p380)Decisions that establish price points for the company products, and address issues related cost to put out/manufacturer the good, margins along the distribution channel, competitors prices (pricing relative to a specific firm market position), customer value, total cost of ownership for the customer, price for product bundles, and profitability.( .( jakki j. Mohr, Sanjit Sengupta, Stanley Slater,2000, p8).Price is the only element of the marketing mix that produces revenue, As such it serves a tactical as well as an economic role for an organization 9Holloway and Robison 1995). The price charged sends many signals about the likely value of the product being offered and, as such, must be commensurate with the quality of experience,Starbuckss product prices are relative high than others, because they target those people of society who part the preference on quantity. Following are the some prices of STARBUCKS famous productsESPRESSO Tall Grande VentCoffee Latte 2.05p 2.40p 2.65pCappuccino 2.05p 2.40p 2.65pVanilla Latte 2.35 2.70p 2.95pCoffee Americano 1.75p 1.90p 2.05pEspresso 1. 20p 1.40p 1.55pCOFFEE HOUSE FAVOURITESCaramel Hot Chocolate 2.90p 3.25p 3.50pCoffee Misto 1.95p 2.35p 2.55pClassic Hot Chocolate 2.20p 2.50p 2.80pSignature Hot Chocolate 2.65p 3.00p 3.25pFreshly Brewed coffee 1.65p 1.75p 1.90pFRAPPUCCINOCinnamon Dolce 3.05p 3.25p 3.45pJava Chip 3.05p 3.25p 3.45pEspresso 2.65p 2.85p 3.05pCoffee 2.50p 2.70p 2.90pCaramel 3.05p 3.25p 3.45pSPRING FAVOURITESCinnamon Dolce Latte 2.70p 3.05P 3.30PCaramel Macchiato 2.70P 3.05P 3.30PPLACE dictate is the location where the ray takes place. This may be a retail store, it may be a catalogue, it by chance a restaurant, or it may be a website. Deciding on the appropriate place for the exchange is not merely a matter of movie goods around but is rather a strategic issue. The decisions revolve around making it as easy as possible for customers to find the good and make the purchase, and also using channels which give the appropriate image for the product. For example, retailing a product through dismiss stores g ives a completely different impression from retailing a product through discount stores gives a completely different impression from retailing the same product through exclusive incision stores. (Essential of Marketing, Geoff, Lester, Ashford, 4th Ed, p380)Now in case of Starbucks they mainly build their stores in the prime location of the metropolis where they can easily attracts their desired customers who really want to enjoy the taste of coffee. simply like in UK they build their stores mainly in the shopping malls and town centers, Amusements Park, stadiums, airports etc. Now it is the need of the time that they should be concentrate to open their more stores in Middle East and Asia.PROMOTIONPromotion is such a large part of marketing that it is often mistaken for the whole of marketing. Promotion encompasses all the communication activities of marketing advertising, public relations, and sales publicitys, personal selling, and so forth. Promotion is not simply a hard sell, that it is a way of meeting customers information needs, at least in part. It is also, to an extent, persuasive in that most marketing communication emphasis the good aspects of owning products and downplay the bad aspects.Starbucks nearly spends 4.7 million every socio-economic class for promotions. It is include the cost of print media, electronic media, indoor, outdoor media etc.The companys latest stunning plan is the Starbucks Card. You buy a re-chargeable card in the UK which can be used at coffee bars in the US, Canada, Australia and Thailand. The card will enhance the Starbucks experience for customers allowing them to buy their daily cup of coffee quickly and easily, even when they are not carrying cash.Recently company through an agreement between Starbucks, and T-Mobile the two companies have come up with a way to provide internet access at Starbucks location and high pep pill broadband for Starbucks customers as well. In addition, T-Mobile hot spot customers get to us e the Starbucks stores as they do now. further Starbucks spends millions of dollars internationally to protect the environment and global warming.DIVERCIFICATION The major reason for a business adopting a strategy of diversification is therefore to allow it to reduce its dependence upon a single market area (W. Stewart Howe 1986 p 153). At a general strategic level An off suggests three reasons why firms diversify. First, their objectives cannot be achieved by continuing to operate in their existing markets. Thus, since continued operation in these markets is not able to diversify the profit, risk or growth objectives of the business, achievement of these must be sought in new market areas. Second, where a business has excess financial resources beyond those necessary to satisfy its expansion plan in its existing markets, then rather than retain these resources in liquid form of business may lay them in new markets areas. Third, if greater opportunities are presented to the firm i n new market areas than accrue from its existing activities. Then a diversification program may be undertaken to benefit from these. There are two types of diversificationsRELATED DIVERSIFICATIONUN-RELATED DIVERSICATIONRELATED DIVERSIFICATION Expending combining with firms in different, but related industry that are Strategic Fits.UNRELATED DIVERSIFICATION Growing by combining with firms in un-related industries, where higher financial returns are possible.Now, if Starbucks want to diversify its business outside the industry, then the company should start a totally new business that is not from the same industry. For example Starbucks is a coffee shop, if they enter in the manufacturing business and start making cars, bikes etc that will be the perfect example of diversification. But the main focus of the Starbucks should be on their strategic business unit which is coffee shop. If they want to diversify their business within the same industry i.e. related diversification, then the Starbucks should combine their business with their competitors to launch new products.INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS education STRATEGIESThe franchiser/licenser remembers to provide a standard package of components, or ingredients together with management and marketing services, and advice. Since franchising involves the transfer of tangible, it can enable greater control of the operation for the originating manufacturer than licensing (Lancaster Massing ham Ashford 2002 p 437). Starbucks currently use three strategies for business in overseas. These strategies are as follow1 Joint ventures2 Licenses3 Company-Owned Operations. principally the company uses the company-owned shops for the business in other countries.RECOMMENDATION FOR FUTURE MARKETING PLAN OF STARBUCKS (3 YEARS)By analyzing the supra whole information such as Swot analysis, An off analysis, BCG matrix, marketing mix, following should be the prime objectives of the marketing plan of Starbucks coffee shop for next 3 yearsGO ALS OR OBJECTIVESSales should be increased by 15 to 20% at least.In order to get increased sales, they should increase Gross Profit margin by 25%.Find more new markets especially in Middle East, and Asia.More strengthen their position as a worldwide coffee shop leader. enlarge marketing budget by 15%In order to achieve the above future objectives, the Starbucks coffee shop should follow instructionsINTRODUCE SOME NEW PROMOTIONSAs Starbucks introduced a stunning promotion plan that is Starbucks re-chargeable card for purchasing coffee whether you have money or not at that time. Just like that company should develop a membership card especially for the students. Some discount should be offer to regular customer, and student to increase the detainment.NEW TARGER MARKETSTo maintain the top position in the coffee market, Starbucks should go and find some new coffee potential market. Just like there is great potential of new coffee shop especially in Asia, and Middle East, as there is no famous coffee shop. Where they can capture in new market, and got some handsome profit as well.MAINTAIN SUSTAINABLE COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGEThe Starbucks coffee shop should maintain the competitive advantage that it has got over other coffee shops. In order to maintain leading position in the coffee market, the Starbucks should introduce innovative products after good intervals.INTRODUCE SOME INNOVATIVE PRODUCTSTo maintain the dominant position in the coffee market, it is necessary for the Starbucks that, they should introduce some really innovative products after good intervals. The induction of new products creates the brand loyalty among the customers.INCREASE MARKETING BUDGETIn any company market department play a vital rule in increasing the sales plus revenue. So It is very essential for the Starbucks to full fill the requirement of its Marketing Department whether its finically or non financially. So that they can performed its problem potentially. Moreover they are some other resources too, thorough which a Starbucks increase the sales revenue. For example, they should conduct promotions Events, Held seminars and get the services of Global celebrities.DIVERCIFY THE BUSINESSDiversification is a very important tool for maintaining overall position in any market. Starbucks cannot rely through limited niches products. They have to adopt tDiversification. Diversify the business in product-related items, or unrelated items to increase their revenues.IMPROVE THE PRODUCT QUALITYTo maintain the superb quality and taste of different products in Starbucks, the company should adopt the Total Quality Management tool, which means make better the products quality until the perfection, and there is no defect on product or zero defect products.EMPLOYEES upbringing AND DEVELOPMENTTraining and development of employees is an important task for the management in order to enhance the come along of company, and increase the sales, and produce the error free services.EMPLOYE ES MOTIVATIONSEmployees motivation is very important for every organization to get good profit, and in order to maintain its position in the market. Good pay, and reward system is the best tool to motivate the employees. So Starbucks should try to give good pay and benefits to their employees during the job.